The feasibility of the proposed negotiation agents is evaluated by the simulation results. It turns out to be capable of making rational deals in bi-directional energy trading by maximizing the trader's payoffs with reduced negotiation time. In addition, an improved particle swarm optimization-adaptive attitude bidding strategy (PSO-AABS) based negotiation agent is developed for adaptively adjusting the trader's decisions according to the opponent's behaviors. The AABS based negotiation agent turns out to be able to dynamically adjust its behavior in response to varying attitudes in the negotiation process. A comprehensive set of factors for the integrated smart building and utility grid system is taken into account in developing the negotiation model. In this paper, a negotiation agent based on adaptive attitude bidding strategy (AABS) is proposed. Development of an effective negotiation model for facilitating the bi-directional energy trading between the utility grid and the building is important for enhancing the building intelligence. ![]() Smart and green buildings have attracted much attention in recent years. In addition, our analysis indicates that demand response services or vehicle-to-grid and grid-to-vehicle services will be offered in conjunction with the supply of RE. Our results highlight that business models can be profitable when a new actor in the electricity industry, that is, the aggregator, can collect sufficiently large amounts of load. Although business models have been developed for grid-to-vehicle services and for services that connect RE, knowledge regarding demand response services is restricted to different types of value creation and capture. We offer a classification of business models, value creation and capture for each of these services and for the different actors in the electricity value chain. Our review observes that the articles and pilots most often discuss three types of smart grid services: vehicle-to-grid and grid-to-vehicle services, demand response services, and services to integrate renewable energy (RE). This paper reviews 45 scientific articles on business models for smart grid services and analyses information on value in 434 European and US smart grid pilot projects. In addition to knowledge regarding the technical characteristics of smart grids, we need to know what drives companies and consumers to sell and purchase services in a smart grid. Scroll through to find your new favorite meatball recipe.Profitable business models for value creation and value capture with smart grid services are pivotal to realize the transition to smart and sustainable electricity grids. And even though serving meatballs over spaghetti is an American invention, there's no better way to enjoy these tasty meatballs than doused in marinara over a bed of pasta. These recipes will mostly follow that structure, sometimes with an added twist. An Italian meatball typically contains ground meat, specifically beef, garlic, eggs, parsley, and sometimes cheese. So all that changes today with these 10 outrageously delicious Italian meatball recipes that you won't be able to resist trying. Our 10 Best Italian Meatball Recipes for All Your Spaghetti Dinner Needs If you aren't making your own meatballs for spaghetti, subs, or soup, you're truly missing out.
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